The Swiss system of education is essentially the responsibility of the cantons. Therefore one cannot really talk about a Swiss educational system but only of several independent and different systems. The differences in the education systems for the first eight or nine years of school have arisen through the federal structure of the state and the variation even shows itself within the different language regions.
For example the German-speaking cantons have no uniform designation for similar types of schools, and it was only in 1985 that the cantonal electorates voted to introduce a uniform start to the school year in the autumn.
However, if they are looked at in very simplified terms, certain common characteristics can be made out among the cantonal school systems. After a voluntary period of kindergarten fully financed by the state, most cantons have nine years compulsory schooling (in eight cantons eight years). This compulsory schooling for all children capable of normal education consists of a primary school period of four, five or six years. There then follows a choice of schooling, putting varying demands on the pupils, and known collectively as the secondary level I. In many cantons both levels of compulsory schooling are called the "Volksschule" (elementary school). Individual cantons are largely responsible for their administration and curricula.
The elementary school normally passes their pupils on to either vocational training or into a secondary level II. These high schools (gymnasium) are a preparation for university. At this level the independence of the cantons is limited considerably by the matriculation requirements laid down by the Confederation. Vocational training is also supervised by the Confederation. Elementary education is free while at the higher levels of education, even if they are state supported, fees are charged in individual cases or students are at least expected to pay for their learning material.
Important links
Swiss universities, degree recognition issues, please visit the homepage of Rector’s Conference of Swiss Universities: www.crus.ch
International Baccalaureates: www.ibo.org
Swiss private schools, please visit the homepage of the Swiss Federation of Private Schools: www.swiss-schools.ch
Swiss Hotel Management schools, please visit the homepage of the Swiss Hotel Schools association: www.aseh.ch